实现-trie-前缀树
题目
Trie(前缀树 / 字典树)是一种树形数据结构, 用于高效地存 储和检索字符串数据集中的键. 这一数据结构有相当多的应用情景, 例如自动补完和拼写检查.
请你实现 Trie 类:
Trie()
初始化前缀树对象.void insert(String word)
向前缀树中插入字符串word
.boolean search(String word)
如果字符串word
在前缀树中, 返回true
(即, 在检索之前已经插入); 否则, 返回false
.boolean startsWith(String prefix)
如果之前已经插入的字符串word
的前缀之一为prefix
, 返回true
; 否则, 返回false
.
示例
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.insert("apple");
trie.search("apple"); // 返回 True
trie.search("app"); // 返回 False
trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 True
trie.insert("app");
trie.search("app"); // 返回 True
题解
首先看下前缀树长什么样子, 再写就很简单了.
/**
* Initialize your data structure here.
*/
var Trie = function () {
this.children = {}
}
/**
* Inserts a word into the trie.
* @param {string} word
* @return {void}
*/
Trie.prototype.insert = function (word) {
let node = this.children
for (const ch of word) {
if (!node[ch]) {
node[ch] = {}
}
node = node[ch]
}
node.isEnd = true
}
/**
* Returns if the word is in the trie.
* @param {string} word
* @return {boolean}
*/
Trie.prototype.search = function (word) {
const node = this.searchPrefix(word)
return node !== undefined && node.isEnd !== undefined
}
/**
* Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix.
* @param {string} prefix
* @return {boolean}
*/
Trie.prototype.startsWith = function (prefix) {
return this.searchPrefix(prefix)
}
Trie.prototype.searchPrefix = function (prefix) {
let node = this.children
for (const ch of prefix) {
if (!node[ch]) {
return false
}
node = node[ch]
}
return node
}
/**
* Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such:
* var obj = new Trie()
* obj.insert(word)
* var param_2 = obj.search(word)
* var param_3 = obj.startsWith(prefix)
*/